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In this article, I’m going to describe how to create a Pipfile when we have different installation instructions depending on operating systems.

As an actual example, I’m going to create a Pipfile which can be used on both macOS/Windows for PyTorch v0.4.1.

Introduction

For most Python packages, installation instructions are the same regardless of operating systems. For example, numpy can be installed like this:

pipenv install numpy
pipenv install numpy
pipenv install numpy

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However, there are some packages which has different installation instructions depending on operating systems. For example, PyTorch v0.4.1 is installed by the following command on macOS:

pipenv install torch
pipenv install torch
pipenv install torch

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On Windows, it is installed like this:

pipenv install http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl 
pipenv install http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl 
pipenv install http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl 

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(In this example, I assume the installation of PyTorch is for Python 3.6 without CUDA.)

In Pipfile, we need to let the former instruction run on macOS and let the latter instruction run on Windows. How can we achieve it?

Solution

Specify sys_platform depending on operating systems. In the official document of Pipenv, the case of installing pywinusb only on Windows is described.

For PyTorch v0.4.1, the Pipfile I actually use is like this:

[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
theano = "*"
tensorflow = "*"
keras = "*"
numpy = "*"
scipy = "*"
matplotlib = "*"
seaborn = "*"
jupyter = "*"
jupyterlab = "*"
ipython = "*"
pandas = "*"
scikit-learn = "*"
spyder = "*"
pillow = "*"
torch = {version = "==0.4.1", sys_platform = "== 'darwin'"}
"b4b7455" = {file = "http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl", sys_platform = "== 'win32'"}
torchvision = "*"
[dev-packages]
pylint = "*"
[requires]
python_version = "3.6"
[[source]]

url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"


[packages]

theano = "*"
tensorflow = "*"
keras = "*"
numpy = "*"
scipy = "*"
matplotlib = "*"
seaborn = "*"
jupyter = "*"
jupyterlab = "*"
ipython = "*"
pandas = "*"
scikit-learn = "*"
spyder = "*"
pillow = "*"
torch = {version = "==0.4.1", sys_platform = "== 'darwin'"}
"b4b7455" = {file = "http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl", sys_platform = "== 'win32'"}
torchvision = "*"


[dev-packages]

pylint = "*"


[requires]

python_version = "3.6"
[[source]]

url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"


[packages]

theano = "*"
tensorflow = "*"
keras = "*"
numpy = "*"
scipy = "*"
matplotlib = "*"
seaborn = "*"
jupyter = "*"
jupyterlab = "*"
ipython = "*"
pandas = "*"
scikit-learn = "*"
spyder = "*"
pillow = "*"
torch = {version = "==0.4.1", sys_platform = "== 'darwin'"}
"b4b7455" = {file = "http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl", sys_platform = "== 'win32'"}
torchvision = "*"


[dev-packages]

pylint = "*"


[requires]

python_version = "3.6"

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In [packages], there are two lines for PyTorch v0.4.1.

torch = {version = "==0.4.1", sys_platform = "== 'darwin'"}
"b4b7455" = {file = "http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl", sys_platform = "== 'win32'"}
torch = {version = "==0.4.1", sys_platform = "== 'darwin'"}
"b4b7455" = {file = "http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl", sys_platform = "== 'win32'"}
torch = {version = "==0.4.1", sys_platform = "== 'darwin'"}
"b4b7455" = {file = "http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl", sys_platform = "== 'win32'"}

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In these lines, sys_platform = "== 'darwin'" specifies that this is only for macOS, and sys_platform = "== 'win32'" specifies that this is only for Windows.

By the way, "b4b7455" is written on Pipfile when pipenv install http://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu/torch-0.4.1-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl is executed on Windows. I added sys_platform = "== 'win32'" then.

In GitHub, I created a repository, pipenv_cross-platform_example, and put Pipfile and Pipfile.lock there, so this repository may be useful as an example.

原文链接：Creating a Pipfile which has different installation instructions depending on operating systems (PyTorch v0.4.1 as an example)